Frazão, Carlos. Castanha do Brasil. Belém: [s.n.], 1935. 73 p.

7 necessary to remove and plant them in suitable soil. The writer himself has frequently grown small trees in this way. The harvesting and export of Brazil nuts has become a well organised industry and constitutes one of the principal sources of revenue of the Amazon States. It ha.s even ousted rubber. ln these circumstances, it is not a matter of surprise that, during the past ten years, there has been a general scramble to obtain undeveloped government lands bearing _Brazil nut trees, and that in the process every possible device, political and otherwise, has been emµloyed, with the con– comitant usual abuses. By nature the river and forest population is most hospitable to newcomers. But when the ca– boclos discover that they are being defrauded, at every turn they become astute and work-shy. But they seldom protest aga_inst the exactions of the "patrão," as they have no wish to displease him and invite vindictive measure. They are always willing to receive alr they can, and do as little as possible in return. Fortunately, under the present regime it will be possible to remedy some of the abuses and arneliorate the lot of these lowly workers. EDWARD LOCK NEALE.